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1.
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion ; (12): 25-28, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-969942

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of Kaiqiao Jieyin acupuncture (acupuncture for opening orifices and relieving aphasia) combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on language ability and daily life communication ability in patients with post-stroke aphasia (PSA).@*METHODS@#Fifty-six patients with PSA were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 28 cases in each group. Both groups received routine symptomatic treatment. The control group was treated with speech rehabilitation training and rTMS. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, the observation group was treated with Kaiqiao Jieyin acupuncture at the speech area Ⅰ, Fengchi (GB 20), Tongli (HT 5), Lianquan (CV 23), Panglianquan (Extra), etc. Panglianquan (Extra) on both sides were connected to electroacupuncture, with intermittent wave, 2 Hz in frequency. The above treatment was performed once a day for 5 consecutive days, followed by 2 days of rest for 2 weeks. The scores of western aphasia battery (WAB, including scores of spontaneous speech, auditory comprehension, repetition, naming and score of aphasia quotient [AQ]) and communication abilities in daily living (CADL) in the two groups were compared before and after treatment.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the spontaneous speech, auditory comprehension, repetition, naming scores and AQ scores in both groups were higher than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the increase in the observation group was greater than the control group (P<0.05). The CADL scores of the two groups were higher than those before treatment (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Kaiqiao Jieyin acupuncture combined with rTMS can improve the language ability and daily life communication ability of PSA patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation , Stroke Rehabilitation , Treatment Outcome , Aphasia/therapy , Acupuncture Therapy
2.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 28: e2745, 2023. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420262

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo observar, na linguagem em afasia de sujeitos adultos, a constituição de sentidos, considerando a (re)organização enunciativa na leitura e na escrita. Métodos pesquisa qualitativa com método aplicado e exploratório e perspectiva de análise enunciativa sobre a linguagem, tendo as noções de forma e sentido como base analítica. Foi realizada uma atividade com três sujeitos com afasia (Bir, Cr e Aul), integrantes do Grupo Interdisciplinar de Convivência (GIC), formado por participantes com e sem afasia. Tal atividade consistiu em (re)organizar quadrinhos de uma história, visando constituir sentido, uma vez que a leitura/escrita de textos são habilidades comumente comprometidas nas afasias. Resultados a categoria de tempo crônico mostra-se fundante para elaboração das narrativas dos sujeitos com afasia. Entretanto, eles encontraram formas distintas de sustentação de sentidos, mas sempre atrelados a experiências provenientes da relação entre homem e mundo. Conclusão as narrativas foram organizadas/construídas pelos participantes, tendo por base as imagens (base formal) - uma vez comprometida a habilidade de leitura de textos verbais. Bir, Cr e Aul usaram o tempo crônico como eixo organizacional de suas narrativas e suas histórias em quadrinhos, demonstrando que promovem leitura e escrita ao se considerar o viés enunciativo de análise da linguagem.


ABSTRACT Purpose to observe , in the language of aphasic adult subjects, the constitution of meanings, considering the enunciative (re)organization in reading and writing. Methods qualitative research with applied and exploratory methods and a perspective of enunciative analysis on language, using the notions of form and meaning as analytical base. From an activity performed by three subjects with aphasia (Bir, Cr and Aul), members of the Interdisciplinary Coexistence Group (GIC), formed by participants with and without aphasia, which constituted of (re)organizing the panels (frames) of a comic strip, in order to constitute meaning - since the reading/writing of texts are skills that are commonly affected in aphasia. Results the chronic time category shows itself to be fundamental for the elaboration of the narratives of the subjects with aphasia, however they found different ways of sustaining meanings, but always linked to experiences arising from the relationship between man and world. Conclusion the narratives were organized/constructed by the participants, having the images as a base (formal base) - since the ability to read verbal texts is impaired. Bir, Cr and Aul used chronic time as an organizational axis of their narratives and their comic strips show that these subjects with aphasia promote reading and writing when considering enunciative bias of language analysis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aphasia/therapy , Semantics , Speech Disorders , Graphic Novels as Topic
3.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 28: e2713, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1420267

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a interlocução terapeuta-sujeito com afasia no processo de interpretação e organização de história em quadrinhos. Métodos Estudo transversal, de natureza qualitativa. Os dados coletados foram de situações enunciativas audiogravadas e apresentadas descritivamente por quadros de interlocução (A1-T1) e (A2-T2), registrando atividade com Histórias em Quadrinhos (HQ), realizada em encontro do Grupo Interdisciplinar de Convivência da instituição, do qual participaram sujeitos com e sem afasia. Analisou-se a interlocução entre duas terapeutas em formação (T1 e T2) e dois sujeitos com afasia (A1 e A2). Resultados As interlocuções entre A1-T1 e A2-T2, ocorridas durante o processo de organização das HQ, evidenciaram posicionamentos diferentes das terapeutas, no que tange ao ouvido e ao narrado. A1 foi reconhecida por T1 como sujeito de linguagem, à medida que a terapeuta promoveu a disjunção, ou seja, encaminhou A1 à condição de locutor; o mesmo fato não ocorreu com A2 e T2, pois o primeiro não foi reconhecido como sujeito de linguagem, já que T2 manteve-se em conjunção, não conferindo lugar de fala a A2. Conclusão A enunciação benvenistiana configura-se como recurso teórico-metodológico para análise e intervenção clínica junto a sujeitos com afasia. O contexto de convivência grupal impõe-se como lócus de cuidado e formativo para as diferentes áreas de atenção às pessoas com afasia, articulando, interdisciplinarmente, aspectos da enunciação à prática terapêutica.


ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze the therapist-subject with aphasia interlocution in the process of interpretation and organization of comics. Methods Cross-sectional study of a qualitative nature. The data are from audio-recorded enunciative situations and presented descriptively by interlocution charts (A1-T1) and (A2-T2), registering activity with Comics, held at a meeting of the Interdisciplinary Group of Coexistence (GIC) in which subjects with and without aphasia participate. The interlocution between two therapists in training (T1 and T2) and two subjects with aphasia (A1 and A2) is analyzed. Results: The interlocutions between A1-T1 and A2-T2, which occurred during the process of organization of the comic, show different positions of the therapists regarding the ear and the narrated. A1 is recognized by T1 as a subject of language as the therapist promotes disjunction, that is, it directs A1 to the condition of speaker; the same does not occur with A2 and T2, because the former is not recognized as a subject of language, since T2 remains in conjunction, not giving A2 speaking space. Conclusion Benvenistian enunciation is configured as a theoretical and methodological resource for analysis and clinical intervention with subjects with aphasia; the context of group coexistence imposes itself as a locus of care and training for the different areas of attention to people with aphasia, articulating, interdisciplinary, aspects of enunciation to therapeutic practice.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aphasia/therapy , Speech Disorders , Graphic Novels as Topic , Language Arts , Case-Control Studies
4.
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion ; (12): 471-478, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-980746

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the rules of acupoint selection for aphasia treated with acupuncture and moxibustion using data mining technology.@*METHODS@#From January 1, 2000 to April 1, 2022, the articles for clinical researches of acupuncture and moxibustion for aphasia published in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase were searched. Using Microsoft Excel 2021, the database was set up to analyze the use frequency of acupoint, meridian tropism, acupoint distribution and the use of specific points. SPSS26.0 was adopted for factor analysis, SPSS Modeler 18.0 was for association rule analysis of prescriptions, and Gephi 0.9.5 was to plot the co-occurrence network diagrams of acupoints and meridians.@*RESULTS@#A total of 140 articles were collated, including 146 acupuncture and moxibustion prescriptions and 189 acupoints. The total use frequency of these acupoints was 1 211. Lianquan (CV 23), Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13), Baihui (GV 20) and Yamen (GV 15) were the top 5 acupoints of the high use frequency for aphasia treated with acupuncture and moxibustion. Among 189 acupoints collected, the extra points and empirical points were mostly selected. The top 3 involved meridians were the governor vessel, the gallbladder meridian of foot-shaoyang and the conception vessel. These acupoints were mostly distributed on the head, face and neck region. The use frequency of five-shu points was the highest among the specific points. The acupoint combinations of high frequency referred to Yuye (EX-HN 13)-Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13)-Lianquan (CV 23)-Jinjin (EX-HN 12), and Fengchi (GB 20)-Yuye (EX-HN 13)-Jinjin (EX-HN 12). Factor analysis extracted 10 common factors for acupoint compatibility in treatment of aphasia with acupuncture and moxibustion.@*CONCLUSION@#In clinical treatment of aphasia with acupuncture and moxibustion, the local acupoints are preferred. The core acupoints include Lianquan (CV 23), Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13), Baihui (GV 20) and Yamen (GV 15). The acupoint prescription is modified flexibly according to syndrome differentiation to enhance the therapeutic effect.


Subject(s)
Humans , Moxibustion , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Meridians , Data Mining , Aphasia/therapy
5.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 33(1): 5-20, 2022. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1401515

ABSTRACT

Aphasia as a sequel to stroke is present between 14-28% worldwide and in 20% in the Chilean population. The most serious form is called global aphasia, with a severe alteration of the comprehensive and expressive language, with a poor communicative prognosis and quality of life for the patient and families. The objective of this case is to describe the evolution of a person with global aphasia from the acute phase to 3 years of speech therapy treatment, who achieved a successful evolution of their language, communication and quality of life. This paper presented anamnestic data of the case, initial and systematic evaluation of linguistic functions and impact on quality of life, and the results that document its progress in 3 years. Also, this case is described dynamic person-centered treatment and methodology to start in the acute phase with severe compromise (aphasic cocient 6/100 Cutoff 93.8) and after 3 years improve to mild-moderate aphasia (76/100 points). Progress in vitality, communication, physical and psychosocial aspects and the mean quality of life score are described quantitatively. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aphasia/therapy , Rehabilitation of Speech and Language Disorders , Aphasia/diagnosis , Aphasia/etiology , Stroke/complications
6.
Journal of Integrative Medicine ; (12): 244-251, 2022.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-929229

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#Emerging evidence shows the effectiveness of speech and language therapy (SLT); however, precise therapeutic parameters remain unclear. Evidence for the use of adjunctive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to treat post-stroke aphasia (PSA) is promising; however, the utility of combining tDCS and electroacupuncture (EA) has not yet been analyzed. This study assessed the therapeutic consequences of EA and tDCS coupled with SLT in subacute PSA patients who were also undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was conducted on subacute (< 6 months) PSA patients who were divided into three groups: patients who received EA plus tDCS (acupuncture group), patients who underwent tDCS (tDCS group), and patients who experienced conventional therapy (HBOT + SLT). All subjects underwent 21 days of treatment and also received conventional treatment. The aphasia battery of Chinese (ABC) was used to score pre- and post-intervention status.@*RESULTS@#The analysis comprised 238 patients. Cerebral infarction was the most frequent stroke type (137 [57.6%]), while motor (66 [27.7%]) and global aphasia (60 [25.2%]) were the most common types of aphasia. After 21 days of intervention, the ABC scores of all patients were improved. The acupuncture group had the highest ABC scores, but only repetition, naming, and spontaneous speech were statistically improved (P < 0.01). Post-hoc tests revealed significant improvement in word retrieval in the acupuncture and tDCS groups (P < 0.01, P = 0.037), while the acupuncture group had additional significant improvement in spontaneous conversation (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Combining acupuncture and tDCS as an adjuvant therapy for subacute PSA led to significant spontaneous speech and word retrieval improvements. Future prospective, multi-ethnic, multi-center trials are warranted.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aphasia/therapy , Electroacupuncture , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Retrospective Studies , Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation
7.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 26: e2504, 2021. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1345347

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo o presente estudo comparou a qualidade de vida e percepções de cuidadores de sujeitos afásicos inseridos em um contexto de terapia grupal para afásicos. Métodos trata-se de um estudo transversal, observacional e quantitativo, realizado com 13 cuidadores de indivíduos afásicos que receberam atendimento grupal e 13 cuidadores de sujeitos afásicos que não receberam atendimento fonoaudiólogo grupal. Para coleta dos dados, foram realizadas entrevistas individuais com os cuidadores e utilizou-se o Questionário de Sobrecarga do Cuidador (Burden Interview - Zarit). Resultados constatou-se que 45,2% dos cuidadores referiram sobrecarga de moderada a severa. No entanto, a sobrecarga avaliada por meio do questionário foi de leve a moderada e sem diferença significativa entre o grupo com e sem terapia fonoaudiológica. Conclusão existe importante impacto na qualidade de vida de cuidadores de pacientes com afasia. Novos estudos são necessários para aprofundamento do papel da terapia fonoaudiológica em grupo na qualidade de vida de cuidadores.


ABSTRACT Purpose The present study compared the quality of life and the perception of caregivers of aphasics in a context of group therapy for people with aphasia. Methods This is a cross-sectional, observational, and quantitative study, carried out with 13 aphasic caregivers who received group care and 13 aphasic caregivers who did not receive a group speech therapist. For data collection, individual interviews with caregivers were carried out, using the Burden Interview - Zarit. Results It was found that 45.2% of caregivers reported moderate to severe burden. However, the burden assessed by means of the questionnaire was mild to moderate and there was no significant difference between the group with and without speech therapy. Conclusion There is an important impact on the quality of life of caregivers of patients with aphasia. Further studies are needed to deepen the role of group speech therapy in the quality of life of caregivers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Aphasia/therapy , Psychotherapy, Group/methods , Quality of Life , Caregivers/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Stroke , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences , Observational Study
8.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 25: e2289, 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131785

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Diante da percepção do impacto na comunicação e na qualidade de vida ocasionado por um quadro de afasia, compreende-se a relevância da adesão ao tratamento fonoaudiológico. Porém, há casos em que a procura por tal tratamento não ocorre, por motivos que ainda não foram investigados de modo aprofundado. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a adesão ao tratamento fonoaudiológico de pessoas com afasia, encaminhadas após alta hospitalar. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo de dois casos. Participaram deste estudo duas idosas com afasia após acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), acompanhadas em um hospital municipal de referência microrregional. Foi realizada a coleta de dados sociodemográficos e clínicos em prontuário e por meio de entrevista com um familiar de cada participante, durante a internação. Após dois meses, aproximadamente, foi realizada nova entrevista para investigar a procura por atendimento fonoaudiológico. A instalação de sequelas físicas pós-AVC, que afetam membro inferior, sua gravidade e a fase de recuperação contribuem para a não adesão ao tratamento fonoaudiológico público em nível ambulatorial, por pessoas com afasia. A interação entre fatores sociodemográficos, aspectos clínicos e características da rede pública de saúde (como a inexistência de fonoaudiólogo no serviço de atenção domiciliar) pode influenciar a procura por tratamento domiciliar particular nesses casos. É possível afirmar que múltiplos fatores, clínicos e sociodemográficos, influenciam a não procura por tratamento fonoaudiológico por essa população. Além disso, tais fatores indicam a existência de dificuldades no acesso a serviços de saúde públicos, por limitações na rede de atenção à saúde regional.


ABSTRACT Given the perceived impact on communication and quality of life of aphasia, the importance of adherence to speech therapy treatment is clear. However, there are cases in which this treatment is not sought, for reasons that have not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to analyze adherence to speech therapy by people with aphasia referred after hospital discharge. A qualitative case study of two cases was carried out. Two elderly women with aphasia after stroke treated at a micro-regional public referral hospital participated in this study. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from patient medical records and drawn from an interview with a family member during hospitalization. After about two months, a second interview was conducted to investigate whether speech therapy had been sought. The presence of post-stroke physical sequelae affecting lower limbs, its severity, and the post-stroke recovery phase were all factors contributing to non-adherence to public outpatient speech-therapy treatment by these individuals with aphasia. The interaction between sociodemographic factors, clinical aspects and characteristics of the public health network (such as non-availability of speech therapists in the home-care service) can influence the seeking of private home-based treatment in these cases. Results revealed that multiple clinical and sociodemographic factors influence nonadherence to speech therapy in this population. In addition, these factors indicate difficulties accessing public health services as a result of shortcomings in the regional health care network.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Aphasia/rehabilitation , Aphasia/therapy , Patient Discharge , Speech Therapy , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences , Home Care Services , Brazil , Stroke/complications , Treatment Adherence and Compliance , Health Services Accessibility
9.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 24: e2100, 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011375

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Introdução Por meio da intervenção fonoaudiológica, é possível diminuir os sintomas da afasia. Objetivos Verificar os métodos de intervenção fonoaudiológica na afasia expressiva. Estratégia de pesquisa Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Realizou-se a busca nas bases SciELO, PubMed e PsycINFO, no período de fevereiro a abril de 2018. Para as bases de dados PubMed e PsycINFO foram estabelecidos os descritores em inglês "non-fluent aphasia", OR "broca" OR "transcortical motor aphasia" OR "motor aphasia" OR "amnestic aphasia" OR "semantic aphasia" OR "dymanic aphasia" OR "anomi*" AND "intervention" OR "therapy" OR "rehabilitation" OR "treatment". Para base SciELO, apenas o descritor "aphasia". Critérios de seleção Artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos (de 2009 a 2018) em português, inglês ou espanhol foram incluídos, sendo ou não de periódicos de acesso livre, além de estudos com indivíduos com idade superior a 19 anos. Foram excluídos artigos não relacionados à terapia tradicional, estudos que não apresentassem indivíduos com afasia expressiva e aqueles que tratavam de distúrbios motores de fala, como disartria e apraxia pura. Estudos de revisão de literatura e que envolvessem participantes bilíngues também foram excluídos. Resultados Um total de 174 artigos foram encontrados. Após análise e aplicação dos critérios de seleção estabelecidos, foram selecionados 32 artigos completos. Entre as terapias tradicionais encontradas, observaram-se: terapia de recuperação de palavras, terapia melódica e terapia conversacional. Conclusão A terapia de recuperação de palavras foi o método tradicional mais utilizado.


ABSTRACT Introduction Aphasia symptoms can be improved via speech and language therapy. Purpose To analyze speech-language intervention methods in expressive aphasia. Research strategy An integrative review of the literature was performed using SciELO, PubMed and PsycINFO databases, from February to April 2018. The following search terms: "non-fluent aphasia", OR "broca" OR "transcortical motor aphasia" OR "motor aphasia" OR "amnestic aphasia" OR "semantic aphasia" OR "dymanic aphasia" OR "anomi*" AND "intervention" OR "therapy" OR "rehabilitation" OR "treatment" were used for PubMed and PsycINFO databases. In SciELO database, only the search term "aphasia" was used. Selection criteria Articles published in the last ten years (from 2009 to 2018) in Portuguese, English or Spanish, whether or not they were open access journals. Studies with participants older than 19 years were selected. Articles not related to traditional therapy were excluded, as well as those which did not present participants with expressive aphasia and those which treated speech motor disorders such as pure dysarthria and pure apraxia. Literature review studies and studies involving bilingual participants were also excluded. Results One hundred and seventy-four articles were found. After analysis and application of the established selection criteria, 32 complete articles were selected. Word retrieval therapy, melodic intonation therapy and conversation therapy were the traditional methods found in this study. Conclusion Word retrieval therapy was the method most commonly used.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aphasia/rehabilitation , Aphasia/therapy , Speech Therapy , Language Disorders , Language Tests , Brazil
10.
Estud. interdiscip. envelhec ; 21(3): 251-265, dez. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-912959

ABSTRACT

A afasia caracteriza-se por alterações de linguagem oral e escrita que podem ser acompanhadas por comprometimentos físico-motores e cognitivos. Foram analisados excertos de relatos orais que expõem as especificidades do estar no mundo após o episódio neurológico que resultou na afasia. Os sujeitos faziam parte de um grupo terapêutico atendido em uma clínica-escola de um curso de Fonoaudiologia e os relatos foram coletados em interações dialógicas: sujeito-pesquisadora. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, de orientação sócio-histórica, que direciona a análise para a inter-relação do funcionamento mental humano com os contextos sociais. Os relatos analisados expõem as representações que o sujeito faz do (seu) vivido. A experiência do relato possibilita a atribuição de novos significados à história. O sujeito expõe especificidades da sua subjetividade que constituem material sobre o qual o profissional poderá atuar e, nesse processo, não pode ficar de fora o outro, que em geral é um familiar próximo. (AU)


Aphasia is characterized by changes in oral and written language that can be accompanied by physical, motor and cognitive impairments. Oral accounts exposing the specificities of being in the world, after the aphasia, were analyzed. The subjects were part of a therapeutic group treated at a school clinic for a Speech Therapy Program. The reports were collected in dialogic interactions subject-researcher. This research is qualitative with socio-historically oriented perspective. Thus, it directs the analysis to the interrelationship between human mental functioning and social contexts. The analyzed reports expose the representations that the subject makes of what he/she lived. The experience of the story allows assigning new meanings to the story. The subject exposes specifics of his subjectivity that constitute material upon which the professional can act, and this process can't stay out of the other, which is usually a close family member. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aphasia/therapy , Life Change Events , Personal Narrative , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences
11.
Invest. clín ; 54(4): 360-372, dic. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-740353

ABSTRACT

Las alteraciones neuropsicológicas tras un ictus dependen del tipo y de la localización. Los ictus pueden producir discapacidades cognoscitivas, emocionales y sociales; las deficiencias pueden dificultar las actividades cotidianas motoras, del lenguaje así como de la memoria a corto y largo plazo. Los pacientes que han sufrido un ictus temporal izquierdo pueden presentar una afasia acústico-amnésica y mostrar alteraciones de la consolidación de la memoria. El objetivo de esta presentación de casos fue evaluar la intervención neuropsicológica mediante un Programa de Reforzamiento de la Memoria en pacientes con afasia acústico-amnésica y conocer si promueve la consolidación de la información para mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente. Se estudiaron dos casos, antes y tras la aplicación de un Programa de Reforzamiento de la Memoria con diagnóstico de afasia acústico-amnésica y con problemas de memoria. El programa contó con 20 categorías supraordinadas con 10 palabras subordinadas cada una, con un total de 200 palabras para evocar. Se encontraron diferencias significativas tras la administración del programa con un aumento en la cantidad de palabras evocadas, así como su consolidación en memoria a largo plazo en ambos sujetos estudiados. Este estudio sugiere que el uso del Programa de Reforzamiento de la Memoria en sujetos con afasia acústico-amnésica podría ser útil en la rehabilitación de los problemas de la memoria en estos pacientes.


Neuropsychological alterations after stroke depend on the type and site of the injury and may result in cognitive, mood or social disabilities. The disorders may disturb daily motor activities and may alter language and short- and long-term memory. Patients that have suffered a stroke in the left temporal hemisphere may present acoustic-mnestic aphasia and memory alterations. Our objective was to evaluate the results of the implementation of a memory reinforcement training program in patients with acoustic-mnestic aphasia, and to know if the program improves memory consolidation for a better patient´s quality of life. We performed a case-report study, before and after implementation of a memory reinforcement program in two patients with acoustic-mnestic aphasia and memory alterations. The program was constructed with 20 supra-ordinal categories, each with 10 sub-ordinal words, with a total of 200 words to evoke. We found significant differences in the number of evoked words and in memory consolidation after the implementation of the program in the two studied patients. Our observations suggest that implementation of a memory reinforcement program in subjects with acoustic-mnestic aphasia may be useful in the rehabilitation of memory alterations in these patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aphasia/therapy , Memory , Neuropsychology/methods , Psychotherapy
12.
Rev. chil. fonoaudiol. (En línea) ; 11: 7-21, nov. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-733765

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo principal describir los trastornos del lenguaje en el adulto a consecuencia de un daño cerebral. Las alteraciones del lenguaje oral se abordarán considerando los siguientes tópicos: Algunos conceptos lingüísticos básicos para describir con exactitud las alteraciones del lenguaje; el sistema funcional del lenguaje en el que participan áreas persilvianas, hemisferio derecho y zonas prefrontales; las afasias que son un trastorno parcial o total del lenguaje; los pacientes afásicos considerando sus antecedentes clínicos, la actitud frente al defecto, el deterioro intelectual y otros defectos asociados; el tratamiento de las afasias que tiene por objetivo que el paciente logre una comunicación funcional y una adaptación psicosocial en relación a la alteración de lenguaje y por último, los trastornos del discurso que comprometen especialmente su contenido y su uso. En relación a las alteraciones del lenguaje lectoescrito se describirán los diferentes tipos de agrafias y alexias. Finalmente, cabe señalar dos aspectos, el primero, es que además de las afasias existen otros trastornos del lenguaje y el segundo, es que la evaluación del lenguaje es fundamental para el manejo y la rehabilitación del paciente.


The main purpose of the current review is to describe the language disorders in adult as a consequence of brain damage. The oral language disorders will be approached regarding the following topics: some basic linguistic concepts to describe language disturbances accurately; the functional language system involving perisylvian areas, right hemisphere and prefrontal areas; aphasia that represent a total or partial language impairment; the patient with aphasia, regarding their clinical background, their attitude towards the alteration, the cognitive impairment and other associated disorders; the aphasia treatment which has for purposes to achieve a functional communication and psychological and social adaptation considering their language impairment and, at last, the discourse impairment which affects their use and content. Regarding the reading and writing impairment, agraphia and alexia types will be described. Finally, it is important to mention two aspects: first, besides aphasia there are other language disorders and, second, language assessment is essential to the management and rehabilitation of the patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Aphasia/diagnosis , Aphasia/physiopathology , Aphasia/therapy , Language Disorders
13.
Distúrb. comun ; 21(1): 39-46, abr. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1417285

ABSTRACT

O jargão ou estereotipia é uma das características da afasia. Pode-se dizer que o jargão é defi nido por segmentos de fala, em sua maioria ininteligíveis, que o paciente repete sempre que enuncia. O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar a fala jarganofásica de duas pacientes afásicas, a partir de uma proposta alternativa, a qual não está submetida ao raciocínio orgânico, enfatizando a relação entre sujeito-fala e seus efeitos. Os resultados mostram que a paciente M. não tem prejuízos com o laço social, ela utiliza gestos e se posiciona como falante; a paciente L. fi ca presa ao jargão e o diálogo não progride. A presença de jargão não torna os casos semelhantes e, nem tampouco, caracteriza um único tratamento. O tratamento deve priorizar a relação sujeito-língua, ou melhor, a posição do afásico na linguagem.


The jargon is characterized by fragments, segments of speaking that the pacient repeats every time he speaks. The goal of this study is to characterize the speech with jargon in two patients with aphasia. We will show an alternative proposal which is not submited to organic rational. The speech of two aphasic pacients with jargonophasia was observered to emphasize the relantionship between subject-speech and its effects. The results show that the patient M. remains in the social bond, she uses gestures and has the speaker position; the patient L. is attached to the jargon and dialogue can not proceed.The presence of jargon doesn't characterize a unique treatment. The treatment must evaluate the relationship between subject-language, in other words, the aphasics' position in language.


La jerga o estereotipia es una de las caracteristicas de la afasia. Se puede decir que la jerga es defi nida por seguimiento del habla, en su mayoría ininteligibles, que el paciente repite siempre que habla. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar el habla jerganofásica de dos pacientes afásicas, a partir de una propuesta alternativa que no está sometida al raciocinio organico pero enfatiza la relacion entre sujeto-habla y sus efectos. Los resultados muestran que el la paciente M. no tiene daños en el vínculo social, utiliza gestos y se posiciona como hablante; la paciente L. queda prisionera de la jerga y el diálogo no avanza. La presencia de lo jargão no torna las casos semejante y, tampoco caracteriza un único tratamiento. El tratamiento debe privilegiar la relacion sujeto-lengua, o mejor, la posición del afásico en el lenguaje.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aphasia/etiology , Speech Intelligibility , Stereotyping , Aphasia/therapy , Communication , Stroke/complications
14.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Fonoaudiol ; 14(2): 256-260, 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-518845

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate perseveration in two contexts: spontaneous language and linguistic tasks. It points toward perseveration as a theoretical linguistic conception, that is, sociointeractionist. This presupposes language activity produced in an interlocutive space and it does not neglect pragmatic aspects and contextual use of language. Four patients presenting the following types of aphasia were analyzed: motor transcortical, amnestic, semantic and sensory. The results point out different aspects between pathological perseveration and perseveration as a normal expression in the process of language activity. This study might imply another theoretical perspective of language therapy to perseveration in aphasia.


O propósito deste estudo foi investigar a perseveração em dois contextos: linguagem espontânea e tarefas linguísticas. Esta pesquisa aponta para a perseveração como sendo uma concepção teórico-linguística, qual seja, sociointeracionista. Isto abrange atividade linguística produzida em um espaço interlocutivo e não negligencia aspectos pragmáticos e o uso contextual da língua. Quatro pacientes, apresentando os seguintes tipos de afasia, foram analisados: transcortical motora, amnéstica, semântica e sensorial. Os resultados apontam para diferentes aspectos entre perseveração patológica e perseveração, como expressão normal do processo de atividade de linguagem. Este estudo poderá implicar outra perspectiva teórica de terapia de linguagem na afasia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aphasia/rehabilitation , Aphasia/therapy , Fatigue , Language
15.
Tunisie Medicale [La]. 2005; 83 (5): 247-252
in French | IMEMR | ID: emr-75347

ABSTRACT

Developmental dysphasia is a specific, primary and lasting oral language disorder [expressive or comprehensive] is the absence of any sensorineural damage oral organ dysfunction or psychiatric and psychologic disorders. Pathogensis is still unknown. Diagnosis is based on expressive and comprehensive language investigation. Therapy should be early and multidisciplinary


Subject(s)
Humans , Aphasia/classification , Aphasia/etiology , Aphasia/therapy
17.
Rev. chil. fonoaudiol ; 1(2): 43-51, dic. 1999.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-286966

ABSTRACT

La terapia grupal en fonoaudiología es un recurso metodológico que proporciona una innegable ayuda en la habitación o rehabilitación de pacientes. Es necesario conocer la planificación de la terapia, la conformación de los grupos y la clasificación de los mismos, que ya presentan particularidades que la hacen diferente a la terapia individual. La revisión bibliográfica tiene un propósito recabar información práctica, que sirva como guía para la adecuada implementación de esta modalidad terapéutica, al mismo tiempo que referir sus posibles aplicaciones en el ámbito de la intervención fonoaudiológica


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Language Therapy , Speech-Language Pathology/methods , Aphasia/therapy , Brain Injuries/therapy , Language Development Disorders/therapy , Psychotherapy, Group , Stuttering/therapy , Autistic Disorder/therapy
18.
Distúrb. comun ; 10(2): 157-65, jun. 1999.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-268306

ABSTRACT

O Centro de Convivência de Afásicos - CCA, criado em 1989 por uma açäo conjunta do Departamento de Lingüística e do Departamento de Neurologia, está ligado à Unidade de Neuropsicologia e Neurolingüística, que congrega docentes e pesquisadores dos dois departamentos responsáveis tanto pelo acompanhamento clínico-terapêutico de sujeitos cérebro-lesados quanto pelas atividades de um espaço de interaçäo entre sujeitos afásicos e näo afásicos. Levando em conta que a afasia é uma questäo essencialmente discursiva - näo meramente uma questäo de saúde, todo o trabalho no Centro está voltado para a evocaçäo de experiências socioculturais e para a mobilizaçäo de práticas discursivas nelas fundamentadas. O texto explicita as bases teórico-metodológicas do trabalho desenvolvido através da exposiçäo dos princípios gerais que regem sua dinåmica


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aphasia/psychology , Aphasia/therapy , Language Disorders/rehabilitation , Rehabilitation Centers , Communication Disorders/rehabilitation , Interpersonal Relations , Neuropsychology
19.
Pró-fono ; 10(1): 81-5, mar. 1998.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-241958

ABSTRACT

Descrevemos um quadro de Afasia Infantil com limitaçäo severa da comunicaçäo em um menino de 11 anos de idade com episódio de lesäo cerebral extensa encaminhado ao Serviço de Fisiatria e acompanhado pelo Setor de Fonoaudiologia. Através da abordagem do quadro da afasia adquirida na infância e da revisäo da literatura, estudamos os aspectos diagnósticos e prognósticos que delineavam a patologia e da intervençäo fonoaudiológica global adequada ao caso. Percebemos que, embora muitos trabalhos relatem sobre o bom prognóstico nas síndromes afásicas da infância, é de grande importância o estudo da história da doença para determinarmos o grau de severidade da lesäo. Esta pode implicar, quando de maior gravidade, no comprometimento da reorganizaçäo neural necessária a uma evoluçäo adequada


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Aphasia/therapy , Brain Injuries/complications , Language Therapy , Aphasia/etiology
20.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 34(1): 33-7, ene.-mar. 1996. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-174811

ABSTRACT

Se señala que el objetivo del tratamiento fonoaudiológico de las afasias es lograr la comunicación funcional. En algunos casos se aprecia una mejoría de la capacidad linguística, pero en otros los logros de la comunicación dependen del uso de habilidades residuales y estrategias de comunicación aumentativa y alternativa. Se presenta un caso de afasia de Wernicke señalando que el paciente llegó a un plateau linguístico a los siete meses de evolución, pero que continuó mejorando en su capacidad de comunicarse empleando gestos (icónicos, arbitrarios, deícticos), dibujos, prosodia, control de la conversación y otras estrategias


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aphasia/therapy , Communication Methods, Total , Nonverbal Communication , Language Therapy
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